Cardiac Catheterization:
Checks the inside of your arteries for blockage by inserting a thin, flexible tube through an artery in the groin, arm, or neck to reach the heart. Health care professionals can measure blood pressure within the heart and the strength of blood flow through the heart’s chambers as well as collect blood samples from the heart or inject dye into the arteries of the heart (coronary arteries). Angioplasty and stent placement may also be done during this procedure if necessary

Pacemaker Placement/Generator Replacement/Implantable Loop Recorders
For patients that have been diagnosed with bradycardia, syncope, tachy-brady sinus sick syndrome, CVA.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)
For people who have been diagnosed with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis and who are high-risk or too sick for open heart surgery, TAVR (sometimes called Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation, or TAVI), may be an alternative. This less invasive procedure allows a new valve to be inserted within the native, diseased aortic valve.

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA):
is surgery to treat carotid artery disease. The carotid arteries are the main blood vessels that carry oxygen and blood to the brain. In carotid artery disease, these arteries become narrowed. This reduces blood flow to the brain and could cause a stroke. During a carotid endarterectomy, the surgeon will surgically remove plaque that builds up inside the carotid artery. The surgeon makes a cut (incision) on the side of the neck over the affected carotid artery. The artery is opened, and the plaque removed. The surgeon will stitch the artery back together. This restores normal blood flow to the brain. The procedure is performed while the patient is awake under local anesthesia or while asleep under general anesthesia.

Trans-carotid artery revascularization (TCAR):
is a minimally invasive procedure that can clear blockages and open a narrowed carotid artery. The surgeon makes a small incision in the lower neck over the common carotid artery to perform the repair. During the TCAR procedure, the surgical team reverses blood flow in the area of the blockage. This reversal decreases the risk of stroke as your surgeon uses a surgical balloon and stents to reopen the narrowed artery. Blood still reaches your brain through other blood vessels.

Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR): is a minimally invasive procedure that treats aortic aneurysms, most often abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). During the procedure, the surgeon inserts a stent-graft tube into the aorta through a small incision in the groin, using x-ray guidance and special instruments. The stent-graft is folded and compressed within a delivery sheath, usually inserted through the common femoral artery. Once deployed, the stent-graft expands and contacts the aortic wall and iliac vessels, blocking off the aneurysm sac from blood flow and pressure.

Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR):
is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that treats thoracic aortic conditions and aneurysms. The procedure involves inserting a stent-graft through a small incision in the groin and guiding it into the affected area of the aorta using imaging guidance. The stent-graft strengthens the weakened aortic wall, which can prevent rupture and relieve symptoms. TEVAR is commonly used to treat aortic aneurysms and dissections in the descending thoracic aorta. Without treatment, these conditions can be fatal.

Open aortic aneurysm repair:
is a surgical procedure to fix a weakened area in the aorta, the large artery that carries blood from the heart to the abdomen, pelvis, and legs. The surgery is performed in an operating room under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision in the abdomen or chest, depending on the location of the aneurysm, to expose the aorta. The procedure involves clamping the aorta to stop blood flow, opening the aneurysm to remove debris and thrombus, suturing a synthetic graft to replace the diseased section of the aorta, restarting blood flow and closing the incision.

Lower extremity angioplasty and stent placement:
is a procedure that can help keep blood flowing in blocked arteries in the legs. During the procedure, the surgeon inserts a catheter into the artery through an incision in the groin and uses X-rays to guide it to the blockage. A balloon catheter is then used to open the narrowed vessel, and a small metal mesh stent is placed across the artery wall to keep it from narrowing again. The stent is left in place permanently.

Lower extremity bypass surgery, also known as peripheral vascular bypass:
is a major surgical procedure that reroutes blood flow around a blocked artery in the leg. It's often used to treat severe peripheral arterial disease (PAD), which is caused by a buildup of plaque in the arteries that can lead to poor blood flow. During the procedure, the surgeon creates a new pathway for blood flow using a synthetic graft (plastic tube) or a vein from the patient's body. The vein is usually taken from the opposite leg during the same surgery. The surgeon sutures the vascular conduit from a site near the blockage to a distal site of uninvolved artery. The most common type of bypass is the fem-pop bypass, which creates a detour from the groin or thigh crease to the inner knee, calf, or foot.

Arteriovenous (AV) fistula creation:
is a surgical procedure that creates a connection between an artery and a vein to provide access for a dialysis machine. The procedure is usually performed by the vascular surgeon in the arm or wrist under general or local anesthesia.

Arteriovenous (AV) graft creation:
is a surgical procedure that creates a looped plastic tube that connects an artery to a vein to provide access for a dialysis machine. The procedure is usually performed by the vascular surgeon in the upper arm under general or local anesthesia.

Endovenous radiofrequency ablation:
is a minimally invasive procedure that uses radiofrequency energy to treat varicose veins and Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI). During the procedure, the surgeon inserts a catheter into a diseased vein and applies heat to contract the collagen in the vein walls, causing them to collapse and close.

Renal artery stenting:
is a minimally invasive procedure that treats renal artery stenosis, a condition that occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the kidneys become blocked or narrowed. The surgeon confirms a significant blockage in one or both renal arteries. Using X-rays as a guide, an expandable tube called a stent is inserted to keep the artery open.